Electric fence technology has made notable advances in recent years. These technological advances have allowed livestock producers to increase their grazing operations’ management potential by attributing flexibility to the rotation of grazing resources. The major component of an electric fence is the charger or energizer; these two terms are used interchangeably throughout this document.

Low Impedance Charger Types

The first step in determining what type of charger will work is to decide which type to use. The three main types of low impedance chargers for electric fencing include:

• Plug-in chargers
• Solar chargers
• Battery chargers

If there is access to a 110- or 220-volt service, plug-in chargers are probably the best choice. Plug-in chargers tend to be the most economical because there are no batteries to replace or recharge, and there are no solar panels to maintain. Solar and battery-powered chargers can provide sufficient output for livestock control. Technology advances with battery and solar-powered chargers have created reliable options. They provide the added flexibility of not needing an AC power source, which is convenient when pastures are in remote locations without electricity.

The area you plan to fence.When selecting the size of the charger, consider the type and total length of the fence. According to the University of Missouri Forage Systems Research Center, one joule of output per mile of energized fence wire is generally sufficient (Gerrish & Roberts, 1999). Therefore, before selecting an electric fence charger, acquiring a close estimate of the total distance of wire strands you plan to electrify will aid in selecting a charger with a mileage rating that meets those needs.

In Summary

Low impedance chargers are safer and more efficient than their older high impedance counterparts. The three main types of low impedance chargers are plug-in, solar, and battery. To select the size of the charger, determine the type of fence you will need as well as the area you plan to fence. After you determine size, select the type of charger. Make sure your system is adequately grounded, keeping in mind the output capacity of the energizer as well as the conductivity of the soil. Train your livestock to an electric fence before turning them out to pasture. Read and follow the manufacturer’s recommendations during installation. A properly constructed electric fence made with high-quality materials will keep your livestock safe and contained.

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